Symbolism Used in James Joyces Dubliners Essay Example for Free

Symbolism Used in James Joyces Dubliners Essay Symbolism is a powerful tool used by people every day to force people to look past the obvious and find the deeper meaning. Symbolism is used by authors, musicians, priests, and many others. James Joyce, a well-known Irish author, uses symbolism repeatedly throughout his collection of short stories published in 1916. In these stories, titled Dubliners, Joyce uses symbolism not only to enhance the stories, but to also show the hidden, underlying message of each story without coming out and saying it directly. Joyce’s stories are centered on the problems of Dublin and through his use of symbolism Joyce is able to focus attention on what problem each story is addressing. James Joyce, author of Dubliners, uses symbolism effectively to enhance the stories. The first story in Dubliners deals with the problems of the Catholic Church. â€Å"The Sisters† is about a priest, Father Flynn, who goes crazy because of the incredible stress placed on him by the rule-centered church. A note publicly announcing the priest’s death read â€Å"July 1st, 1895 The Rev. James Flynn (Formerly of S. Catherine’s Church, Meath Street), aged sixty-five years. R. I. P. † (Joyce 4). Joyce associates Father Flynn with S. Catherine’s Church because St. Catherine was torn apart physically and Father Flynn was torn apart mentally, because of the rules and strict guidelines he was expected to uphold. Making this connection enhances the story because it shows the reader that if the priest can’t handle the rules placed on him by the church, how was an average person supposed to. The date is also symbolic because July 1st is The Feast of the Most Precious Blood of Christ. The breaking of the chalice during Mass was the cause of his death. Fr. Flynn’s sister said â€Å"It was that chalice he broke. That was the beginning of it†¦That affected his mind† (9-10). At his wake the priest his holding the chalice in his hands, which symbolized the evil church was the cause of this man’s death and reiterating the main theme of the story. â€Å"An Encounter† is the next story and its major theme is appearance versus reality, meaning things are not always what they seem. The story is about a few boy’s decision to play hooky from school in order to have an adventure. The boys meet an old man who is nice on the outside, but is actually very evil. Just before the boys come across the old man on their adventure â€Å"the sun went in behind some clouds†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (16). The sunny, innocent day turns dark symbolizing that something bad is about to happen. Joyce uses the weather in many of his stories to foreshadow events that are about to happen. This technique adds to the stories because it helps the reader know that something is about to happen and as a result they pay closer attention to what it is that Joyce is referring to. When the boys meet the old man he was â€Å"dressed in a suit of greenish-black†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (16) and had a â€Å"pair of bottle-green eyes† (19). Green is the color of Ireland and Joyce associates it with evil. By making a connection between the color of Ireland and the evil old pedophile, Joyce is really associating the evilness with all of Ireland, which is the major theme of Dubliners. Joyce is very good at giving hints about certain characters. For example, when the boys were talking with the pedophile they noticed â€Å"he had great gaps in his mouth between his yellow teeth† (17) and being gap toothed symbolized someone who was sexually promiscuous. Techniques used by Joyce, changing the weather and the man being gap-toothed, all enhance the stories because they provide hidden information that brings to light the themes of each story. In the next story, â€Å"Araby†, the major theme is infatuation versus love. Joyce begins the story by informing his readers that â€Å"North Richmond Street, being blind† (21) was the street the boy’s school was on. The term ‘blind’ is referring to the street, meaning it was a dead-end street, but it also has a different, deeper meaning. Joyce uses the word to also describe the boy’s feelings towards a girl and to his dead-end relationship with the girl he is infatuated with. From the opening sentence Joyce gives his readers and idea of what to expect from his stories. Examining the term gives a deeper meaning that enhances the story. At the boy’s home, â€Å"The wild garden behind the house contained a central apple tree and a†¦rusty bicycle pump† (21). The apple-tree symbolizes Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, self-deception followed by self-knowledge. The bicycle pump symbolizes the kid’s pumped up, full of hot air, fascination with the girl and then being deflated. The apple tree and bicycle pump are clues to the outcome of the story. The boy also discovers three important and symbolic books in his house. The Abbot is about the worship of a special lady, The Devout Communicant is about worship and The Memoirs of Vidocq is a detective story that usually ends with the truth being revealed. All three stories are hinting at what will happen to the boy at the end of the story. The boy goes to Araby, a market of goods from all over the world, to buy the girl a gift in order to prove his love to her, but when he finally gets there the market’s closing in ten minutes. The boy â€Å"heard a voice call from one end of the gallery that the light was out† (27). Joyce frequently uses light to symbolize an epiphany or realization. In this case, the boy realizes the girl does not really have feelings for him as he had convinced himself to believe. The light provides the reader with the moment the boy finally realizes he was â€Å"a creature driven and derided by vanity† (28). The light is the changing from self-deception to self-knowledge. â€Å"Eveline† is the story of a girl who is torn between leaving to start a new life and staying in Dublin with her father. In her home was a â€Å"broken harmonium† (30), which is used by Joyce to symbolize there is no harmony in Eveline’s home because of her drunken, abusive father. A photograph of a priest â€Å"hung on the wall above the broken harmonium† (30). Whenever Eveline would ask her father about him he used to say, â€Å"He is in Melbourne now† (30). The priest is symbolic because he was able to do what Eveline can’t, escape Ireland. While waiting for the man she is leaving with Eveline â€Å"could hear a street organ playing†¦remind her of the promise to her mother, her promise to keep the home together as long as she could† (30-31). The organ playing reminds Eveline of her mother and she does not want â€Å"that life of commonplace sacrifices closing in final craziness† (31). She knows that she must escape with Frank, but when it comes time to get on the boat â€Å"she gripped both hands at the iron railing† (34). The symbolism of Eveline holding on the metal bars paints a clear picture of someone in jail; trapped in Ireland. Next is the story, titled â€Å"Two Gallants†, of two arrogant men who have no respect for women and only use them as a means to their happiness. Joyce uses symbolism in the story to talk about the poor treatment of Ireland and also the poor treatment of these girls by the two men, Corley and Lenehan. Before the two men met up with the innocent girl the weather changed from a nice day to cloudy, symbolic of something bad that is about to take place. At one point during the story when the men were walking down the road â€Å"a harpist stood in the roadway, playing to a little ring of listeners†¦His harp too, heedless that her coverings had fallen about her knees, seemed weary alike of the eyes of strangers and of her masters hands† (48). The harp is symbol associated by the people of Ireland with their country. The term ‘strangers’ was a code word used by the Irish for the British. The quote is making reference to the rape of the harp by saying it was â€Å"unaware that her coverings had fallen about her knees† (48). Joyce is talking about the rape of Ireland by the British, but he is also describing the girls being played, like the harp, by Corley and Lenehan. The symbolism connected with the harp helps uncover Joyce’s feelings towards Britain and the many men of Ireland who act as Corley and Lenehan do. Without the symbolism of the harp we would have never known about Joyce’s feelings towards these important topics. The title, â€Å"Two Gallants†, is also important. The term gallant means to be brave, courteous, and chivalrous, but in the story Corley and Lenehan don’t act as two gallants should. Joyce does this on purpose because most men of Dublin act as Corley and Lenehan do, and Joyce wants us to know that these two men, and the men of Dublin, did not treat women with respect, as one should. â€Å"Ivy Day In the Committee Room† deals with Irish politics. Ivy is an evergreen and symbolizes loyalty to Ireland and loyalty to the ideas of Parnell. The poem read by Joe Henchy at the end of the story, titled â€Å"The Death of Parnell† (131), makes the connection to what the title is referring to. In the poem, Parnell is described as Ireland’s â€Å"Uncrowned King† (131). It goes on to read â€Å"Shame on the coward caitiff hands/ That smote their Lord of with a kiss/ Betrayed him to the rabble-rout/ Of fawning priests – no friends of his† (132). That part of the poem is talking about how Parnell was thrown out by his own people. By saying the people â€Å"smote their Lord with a kiss† (132), the poem is making a clear connection between the people of Ireland and Judas, the betrayer of Jesus. The title, â€Å"Ivy Day In the Committee Room†, is describing the loyalty to Ireland, and Parnell, by a few remaining people. The title gives a clue to what the story is about, but it’s not until the end when Joe Henchy reads his poem that we know exactly what the title is referring to. Both the title and the poem take the short story from being good to great. The symbolism used in the title is reveled at the end and again shows Joyce’s feelings toward the Irish, in this case the government. The poem enhances the story because its not until the poem is read that we become aware of what the title is actually referring to. Clay† is a sad story about a woman, Maria, who is old and unattractive. It is Hallows Eve and everyone is participating in games. One of the games played involves being blindfolded and led up to a table with four saucers. The saucer’s contained a prayer book, a ring, water, or clay and symbolized something that was to happen in the future. The prayer book meant a life of the church, a ring symbolized marriage, water represented a voyage or journey and clay was symbolic of death. When it was Maria’s turn, she symbolically picked clay. Joyce writes, â€Å"She felt a soft wet substance with her fingers and was surprised that nobody spoke or took off her bandage† (101). The clay symbolizes death and so â€Å"Maria understood that it was wrong that time and so she had to do it over again: and this time she got the prayer book† (101). Because the clay symbolized death and the prayer book symbolized a life in the church, Maria was to live the remaining years of her life with nobody and eventually die alone. The title enhances the story because at first it is unclear what clay actually means, but at the end of the story it all comes together. At the end of the story Maria is singing â€Å"I Dreamt that I Dwelt, and when she came to the second verse she sang again† (102) the first verse. Maria unconsciously skipping the second verse of the song symbolizes her life of loneliness and shows that she has given up on dreaming about love. Maria has accepted her fate and no longer believes that maybe someday she will find love. In conclusion, Dubliners was written by James Joyce to show the problems with Dublin. Joyce uses symbolism to illuminate the themes of the story. Throughout the stories the symbolism helps explain and reinforce the themes of each story.

Sports Injury :: essays research papers

Alcohol use and behaviors in women long-distance race participants reporting a history of bulimia and/ or anorexia nervosa   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  women long-distance racers were more likely to report a past history of an eating disorder than the control population and that reported in the general population. We cannot say that running was responsible for the development of the eating disorder. It may be that running can prevent or control eating disorders. High achieving, disciplined, organized women with a history of an eating disorder may be attracted to long-distance running. The method of defining a case was based simply on the respondent replying affirmatively to the questions â€Å"Do you have a history or bulimia/† and/or â€Å"Do you have a history of anorexia nervosa?† This method of case definition is based on a history of such a disorder and does not necessarily reflect an active problem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Researchers found that women reporting a past history of bulimia and a history of problem alcohol behavior as noted by other investigators and were more likely to report a biologic family member with a history of problem drinking. Even with their history of problem alcohol behavior, the runners reporting a history of bulimia did not differ from other runners or the control population in their drinking patterns in a recent two-week period. Total amount of alcohol consumed, occasions of drinking and occasions of binge drinking were not significantly different among any of the women. Researchers were unable to ascertain if running helped control alcohol consumption in a person prone to problem alcohol consumption in a person prone to problem alcohol behavior or if the decreased alcohol consumption predated the onset of running.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Those women reporting a past history of a mixed type of eating disorder, perhaps reflecting severity, ran more days of the week and more miles per week than other runners. These women also had the lowest weight and desired weight of any group. The drive for thinness is a hallmark of anorexia but anorexics with bulimia generally are more prone to use vomiting and/or laxatives for weight control than intense exercise or severe food restriction. This subtype of anorexia is also more likely to be prone of problems with alcohol. This was not true for the women in this study.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A limitation of the study is the small numbers in the eating disorder groups. With a larger series of cases, the small differences in alcohol consumption could be significant.

Eminem “Lose yourself” Essay

After analyzing ‘Lose Yourself’ by Eminem, I’ve understood Eminem’s emotion in this song. He raps about taking a chance at success and being able to take it without anyone stopping him. He also refers to the movie 8 mile, where he failed his first chance and knew that his second opportunity he had to succeed. Analyzing the lyrics, with all the expression he has on him he’s starting to lose his desire and momentum of being an artist. At one point he says â€Å"A normal life is boring, but super stardom’s close to post mortem† which means that having a normal life is boring, but being a superstar is almost being dead. Eminem feels like being a superstar is a lot of pressure and the expectation levels are very high because you need to keep producing content that is bigger and better which he said in this sentence â€Å"It only grows harder, only grows hotter†. He’s been through tough times in his career and tries his best to gain respect from other rappers in the industry. My final thoughts on this analysis would be that this song is about his tough times and what he goes through in his career and he truly does a great job expressing it in ‘Lose Yourself’. Everyone in life goes through tough situations and I can reflect on this when it comes to school grades. As I explained in the following paragraph â€Å"It only grows harder, only grows hotter† means you have to produce better content for better results is something I can reflect on. It’s never easy to get good marks; you always need to put in motivation and dedication to succeed. You need to put in better work and effort to get the results you want which is why Eminem’s verse in this song reflects me. Overall though, I must say this is one of my favorite songs of all time and it was very interesting to analyze Eminem’s lyrics.

Economics The German Economy - 1473 Words

Economics The German economy is the largest in Europe and worldwide Germany has the fifth largest economy (â€Å"World fact book†, n.d.). It is clear that the German economy holds a key position in the world marketplace. Gross domestic product (GDP) growth is an important consideration for foreign investment as it speaks to the overall health of an economy. GDP growth can be attributed to spending and investments both on and from imports and exports (â€Å"What is GDP†, 2005). In 2014 the reported GDP growth rate in Germany was 1.4%, up .9 % from the prior year (â€Å"World fact book† n.d.). The Eurozone was deeply affected by a recession stemming from the US and made worse by poor economic conditions in Greece and Spain, among other countries in†¦show more content†¦In 2014 trade as share of GDP was 70.8 percent, down less than three percent from the two years prior (â€Å"Merchandise trade†, n.d.). This is one of those areas in which only time will tell whether Germany will continue to prosper and be the financial backbone of the Eurozone. GDP per capita is also an important indicator of economic health. GDP per capita takes the total output of a country and divides it by the number of people in a countries population; this indicated the buying power of individuals. GDP per capita in Germany as reported for 2014 was slightly over 47,000 USD (â€Å"Countries with the largest†, n.d.). Looking at GDP per capita when compared to other countries in the Eurozone Germany is not fairing so well. Luxembourg leads the world wide GDP per capita and that of the Eurozone with a high rate of 116,750 USD (â€Å"Countries with the largest†, n.d.). Worldwide Germany ranks 16th in the Eurozone, Germany was beat out by Austria, Finland, Ireland, Luxembourg and the Netherlands in GDP per capita (â€Å"Countries with the largest†, n.d.). While the GDP per capita rate in Germany is stronger than many other countries it is not competitive with other countries which have economies comparable in size to Germany nor e conomies centrally located in the Eurozone. A low inflation rate averaging .91 percent for 2014 should help to increase purchases in Germany. This is because consumers can get more for the

Our Messed Up Juvenile Law System - 1045 Words

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Modern Society Is Far From Perfect, And Even Further From

Modern society is far from perfect, and even further from fair. This reality is perhaps why the portrayal of utopian worlds has captivated audiences for decades. This essay will attempt to examine the ways in which the concept of utopia has been portrayed on screen, notably within the genre of science fiction (SF). Prior to critically evaluating its links to film, we should start by defining utopia. Utopia is about how we would live and what kind of world we would live in if we could do just that. The construction of imaginary worlds, free from the difficulties that beset us in reality. (Levitas, 1990, P. 1) This summarising of utopia suggests clearly why it has been such a popular topic to explore in fantasy film. To better understand how†¦show more content†¦The film is therefore a positive commentary of utopia and displays a utopia as opposed to an ultimate dystopia. 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Film Summary He Loves Me, He Loves Me Not Essay Example For Students

Film Summary He Loves Me, He Loves Me Not Essay John F Kennedy, president of the United States once stated that â€Å"The great enemy of the truth is very often not the lie, deliberate, contrived and dishonest, but the myth, persistent, persuasive and unrealistic†. This quote reflects the messages in the film â€Å"He loves me, he loves me not† where L. Coloumbani cleverly allows the viewer to understand the importance of perspectives when looking at the truth. It allows us to think and not just jump ahead and assume that whatever we see from a person’s perspective is the truth. In the first half of the film â€Å"He loves me, he loves me not† the viewer is persuaded to believe that an innocent girl named Angelique who is madly in love with a married cardiologist (Loic), is being used and abused by him. However in the latter half of the film we, the viewer, see the film from Loic’s point of view which then we find out that what we just saw was just pathological point of view of Angelique who is diagnosed with Erotomania in the end of the film. Gradually we start to relook at what we just saw and start to realise that what Angelique saw as a relationship was just an illusion. Furthermore, in the second half of the film L. Coloumbani has also recreated an image of loic as of a loving and caring husband of a standard family. It is a picture of a happy and perfect marriage, however is ruined from the unknown stalker Angelique who frequently sends him gifts and messages. Though for Angelique we have misunderstood a girl who we thought was a sweet and loving girl who was the victim of a player, for a person we now know is a dangerous harasser who ruined a man’s life. Therefore, it allows for us to now open our minds to the different perspective and that the truth is never just from a person’s perspective. Throughout the film, L. Coloumbani explores the theme of reality versus illusion. In the first half of the film she has allowed for us to view Angelique’s point of view of her relationship with Loic which then we find out that what we saw was only just an illusion. When we get to the other half of the film, the truth starts to unfold and we start to see Loic’s point of view which is the reality. An example of this is when we see saw Angelique and Loic at the park, the medium and close up shot of their facial expression shows that they are having a really great time together. However, we start to see the reality when there was the long shot of the whole park when Loic told the story. This shows that Loic didn’t go to the park with Angelique but with his wife and friends. The close up of Loic facial expression when he was looking at the pictures drawn by Angelique shows that he didn’t appreciate the pictures and assume that someone is stalking him or his friend’s son, making him feel nervous and scared. Hence, Coloumbani tries further emphasize the truth in reality versus illusion, that in order to find out the truth we must the get whole picture of the situation rather than just basing the truth on just the one perspective. Furthermore, Coloumbani has also related the theme of love versus obsession with the film â€Å"He loves me, He loves me not†. Defining love it means an intense feeling of deep affection, passion and attachment towards someone. In the first half of the film we thought that Angelique was really in love with Loic and he loved her back, but really it was just Angelique who is obsessed with Loic which meant that Angelique was blinded from the fact that Loic is really in love with her. .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69 , .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69 .postImageUrl , .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69 , .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69:hover , .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69:visited , .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69:active { border:0!important; } .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69:active , .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69 .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u74fc4f0c2946ad87340c8726b1e64f69:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Parent Trap - Original and Remake EssayIn the first half of the film when we saw Angelique smelling onto Loic’s scarf we think that the scarf was a gift to her and she is smelling the scarf as it represents Loic, the close up of Angelique’s facial expression shows that she is really in love with him, but in the latter half of the film we find out that the scarf wasn’t a gift to her but that she just found it on the floor when Rachel (Loic’s wife) dropped it when going to the park. Another scene that reflects on love versus obsession is when Loic enters the room in Angelique’s house, he finds a portrait of himself made out of different scraps. The scary non-diegetic music and Loic’s facial expression when he opens the door to the portrait emphasizes how frightened he was and Angelique’s obsession with Loic. Thus, Coloumbani relates the film to truth by saying real love is not just about affection and passion but about trust and understanding towards each other. Furthermore, the use of dialogue and music has been used to further help us discover Angelique’s blindness to the truth. For example in the first half of the film we were shown a scene where Loic and Rachel was fighting, while Angelique was trying out the wedding dress and planning the trip to Florence. The use of no dialogue and the romantic non-diegetic music gives us a sense that Loic is going to break up with Rachel, while contrasting to that Angelique is like preparing for the wedding and trip which tell us that it’s all going to work out for her and Angelique’s relationship is going to become how to dreamt it to be. However, when we get to see the latter half we then get to hear the dialogue with no music and no scene of Angelique. Here we start to hear what they were arguing about and then soon find out that Rachel and Loic didn’t really breakup. Hence, by cleverly using dialogue and music, Coloumbani has got to us that we can’t really just assume that what we see is the truth but we have to get the whole perspective to figure out what is actually the truth. Summing it up, L. Coloumbani reinforces that the truth can be found out after looking through all the different perspective of the situation. Although we thought that Angelique’s story was the truth, after we saw Loic’s point of view we can start to realise that Angelique’s point of view was just all an illusion. Hence Coloumbani tries to make us realise that perspective is really important when trying to find out the truth.